Idle Days - Wind, Dew, New Fragrance, Hidden Flowers
月初めから台風が来る、来ないというニュースが続いているうちに初旬が終わってしまう頃になってしまいました。
一行の掛け軸は落ち着きます。
漢字が読めるのもまたいいところです。
秋は月がテーマになっている言葉や和歌も多いですが
地味に秋を主張しています。
書はくずし字が多いのですが、読める程度が好きです。
漢字だけの羅列はこのようなものでないと
見かけることが少なくなりました。
紙に書かれているのがいいなとつくづく思います。
電子書籍や電子辞書に手を出せないのは
そんなところからきているのかもしれません。
便利なはずだけど、ページを手でめくる作業が
なんとも贅沢な気分になります。
This month, I tried hanging it again. Since the beginning of the month, there have been constant reports of typhoons coming or not, and now the beginning of the month is almost over. A single-line hanging scroll is calming. Another nice thing about it is that you can read the kanji. There are many words and waka poems with the theme of the moon for autumn, but this one quietly asserts autumn. Most of the calligraphy is written in cursive style, but I like it as long as it is readable. It's rare to see a list of kanji like this anymore. I really think it's better to have it written on paper. Maybe that's why I can't get around to e-books or electronic dictionaries. They should be convenient, but the process of turning the pages by hand is
【2024年9月加筆】
[Updated Septeｍber 2024]
[Updated Septeｍber 2024]
天正十三年 (1585) 九月七日、内大臣ついで関白に任ぜられた秀吉は、その報謝のための茶会を禁中小御所で催し、秀吉自ら茶を点てて正親町天皇に献じました。
このときのこと、利休は後見役をつとめることになったのですが、有資格者でないと禁中へは参内できないことになっていたので、秀吉から奏請して「利休居士」の号が勅賜されたのであります。
(利休居士の号は、かつて大林和尚からもらっていたものですが、それをあらためて勅賜されたのです)
居士号を勅賜され、利休はここに天下一の茶匠としての位置を獲得したわけですが、これを誰よりも喜んだのは古渓和尚でした。
古渓と利休とは三十年以上の交わりであり、禅では古渓が師、茶では利休が師という間がらだったからです。
さっそく古渓は次のような賀頌を作って利休に贈りました。
泉南乃抛筌斎宗易廼予三十年飽参之徒也
禅余以茶事為務頃辱特降
倫命賜利休居士之号聞斯盛挙不堪歓抃贅
一偈以抒賀忱云
龐老神通老作家 (龐老の神通老作家)
飢来喫飯遇茶々 (飢来たれば飯を喫し、茶に遇うては茶)
心空及第等閑看 (心空及第当閑に看れば)
風露新香隱逸花 (風露新たに香る隱逸の花)
(利休居士は龐居士のごとき神通を得た老作家であります。龐居士はその境地を「神通並びに妙用、水を荷い也た柴を搬ぶ」と頌していますが、利休居士にあっては「飢来たれば飯を喫し、茶に遇うては茶」というべきところ、まことにすぐれた境地であります。また龐居士が「心空及第して帰る」といったように、利休居士もこのたび選仏に及第し、居士号の勅賜といった栄誉に浴することになりました。これほど喜ばしいことはありません。庭の菊が朝露を帯びて、ふくいくと香を放っている様子も、今朝はことのほか新鮮に感じられ、ともに喜びをわかっているように思われました)
隠逸花は菊の異名です。
菊はすべての花が凋落しているときに咲き、それがあたかも隠逸の士がひとり身を清くするのに似ているところから、隠逸花と名づけられたのです。
このように古渓は、居士号勅賜の喜びを述べるとともに、利休の悟りの境地、茶の境地の深さを賞賛しているのですが、「風露新香隠逸花」の一句には、「利休居士は今まで世に隠れた花であったかもしれないが、ようやく時をえて、その香を天下に放つことになった」という意味も含ませているわけです。
ところで、古渓がこの賀頌に龐居士を引き合いに出したということは、「居士」ということから中国の維摩居士といわれた龐居士を想起されたのかもしれませんが、それだけではなく、利休が龐居士に関係の深い「一口吸尽西江水」の語によって悟りを開いたという因縁も、そこに加味されているのではないかと思われます。
利休の開悟については二説あって、
寒熱の地獄に通ふ茶柄杓も
こころ無ければ苦しみもなし
という歌によって悟ったともいわれています。
しかし、古渓のこの賀頌がそのまま印可の証とも見られますから、やはり「一口吸尽西江水」の語によって開悟したと見るのが妥当ではないでしょうか。
On September 7, 1585, Hideyoshi, who had been appointed Minister of the Interior and then Kanpaku, held a tea ceremony at the Imperial Palace to express his gratitude, and prepared tea himself and presented it to Emperor Ogimachi.
At this time, Rikyu was to serve as a guardian, but since only qualified people could enter the Imperial Palace, Hideyoshi petitioned and was granted the title of "Rikyu Koji" by the Imperial Court.
(The title of Rikyu Koji had been given to Rikyu by the Priest Daibayashi, but it was given to him once again by the Imperial Court.)
With the title of Koji, Rikyu had secured his position as the greatest tea master in the world, and the person who was most pleased about this was Priest Kokei.
Kokei and Rikyu had been friends for over 30 years, and Kokei was Rikyu's teacher in Zen and Rikyu was his teacher in tea.
Kokei immediately composed the following congratulatory poem and presented it to Rikyu.
Sen'nan no Hosensai Soeki, 30 years old, bored of attending the tea ceremony
When I was working on the tea ceremony, I was humiliated
Rikyu's name was given to him as a monk, and he was so honored that he could not be happy or luxurious
He wrote a verse to congratulate Rikyu
Pou Lao, the divine and old writer
When hunger comes, eat rice, when tea comes, have tea
When the mind is empty, it is a leisurely view
The wind and the dew, the new fragrance, the hidden flowers (The scent of the Hijiri flowers in the fresh dew)
(Rikyu Koji is an old writer who has acquired the supernatural powers of Hou Koji. Hou Koji praises his state of mind as "supernatural powers and miraculous abilities, carrying water and carrying brushwood," but for Rikyu Koji, it is truly an excellent state of mind, as it should be "when hunger comes, eat food, when tea comes, drink tea." Also, just as Hou Koji said, "I passed the exam with my mind empty," Rikyu Koji has also passed the Buddha selection exam and has been honored with the imperial bestowal of the title of Hijiri. Nothing could be more joyful. The chrysanthemums in the garden, covered with morning dew and giving off a fragrance as they dry, felt especially fresh this morning, and it seemed that they both shared the joy.)
The Hijiri flower is another name for the chrysanthemum.
The chrysanthemum was named the flower of seclusion because it blooms when all other flowers are withering, and it is as if a recluse were purifying himself alone.
In this way, Kokei expresses his joy at being granted the title of lay priest, and praises Rikyu's state of enlightenment and the depth of his understanding of tea. In the line "Fuuryu shinkou keinitsu hana" (The wind, the dew, the new fragrance of the flower of seclusion), he also includes the meaning that "Rikyu may have been a flower hidden from the world until now, but the time has finally come to let his fragrance spread throughout the world."
By the way, the fact that Kokei mentioned Pang Pang in this congratulatory ode may have reminded him of the Chinese Pang Pang, also known as Vimalakirti, but it is also likely that he was inspired by the Chinese phrase "lay priest" (Vimalakirti), which is closely related to Pang Pang, and that Rikyu attained enlightenment through the words "suck up the water of the Western River in one sip."
There are two theories about Rikyu's enlightenment.
One theory is that he attained enlightenment through a poem that goes, "Even a tea ladle passing through the hot and cold hells, Without a heart, there is no suffering."
However, since Kokei's congratulatory poem itself is also seen as proof of approval, isn't it more appropriate to say that he attained enlightenment through the words, "One sip of the water from the Western river"?
オリジナル投稿：2019年9月10日
